THOUGHTS AND COMMENTARY
A Book Excerpt From
The Road to Neuroplasticity and Change to Heal Trauma, Improve Cognitive Capacity and Maximize Performance
ABOUT THE BOOK
See Also:
Thoughts and Awareness of Self
Anatomy Of the Self: Part 1 ~ Part 2 ~ Glossary
Your Memory Holds the Secrets
The Power of Positive Thought - Neuroplasticity
Practice Positive Self Affirmations Thoughts, Perceptions and Delusions Complexity of Human Emotion
Thoughts and Awareness of Self
Anatomy Of the Self: Part 1 ~ Part 2 ~ Glossary
Your Memory Holds the Secrets
The Power of Positive Thought - Neuroplasticity
Practice Positive Self Affirmations Thoughts, Perceptions and Delusions Complexity of Human Emotion
Emotion is a mental state associated with thoughts, feelings, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or displeasure.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Emotions produce different physiological, behavioral and cognitive changes.
PURPOSE OF EMOTIONS
The proper development and functioning of emotions allow people to live well and to be happy. Love, respect, and compassion, for example, are the essential emotional ingredients of interpersonal relations and concerns. Emotions motivate moral (as well as immoral) behaviour, and they play an essential role in creativity and in scientific curiosity. For many people, emotions are stimulated and provoked by beauty in the arts and nature, and there is no aesthetic sensibility without emotion. Emotions as well as the physical senses shape the basic processes of perception and memory and influence the ways in which people conceive and interpret the world around them (psychologists have long known that what one notices and remembers depends to a great extent on what one cares about). While some emotions can get out of control and damage one’s personal well-being and social relationships, most emotions are functional and adaptive. Nevertheless, the fact that so many people suffer from emotional problems during their lives makes understanding the pathology of emotions a social concern.
EMOTIONAL ELEMENTS
In a component processing model of emotion, there are five crucial elements to an emotion.
Not all feelings include emotion, such as the feeling of knowing. In the context of emotion, feelings are best understood as a subjective representation of emotions.
BASIC EMOTIONS
Paul Ekman has said that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct. His research findings led him to classify six emotions as basic: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise.
Cross-cultural studies led by Daniel Cordaro and Dacher Keltner extended the list of basic emotions. Evidence provided linked amusement, awe, contentment, desire, embarrassment, pain, relief, and sympathy with emotion. They also found evidence for boredom, confusion, interest, pride, and shame, contempt, interest, relief, and triumph in facial expressions and vocalizations.
WHEEL OF EMOTIONS
Robert Plutchik developed the "wheel of emotions" which suggests eight primary emotions and they are grouped on a positive or negative basis.
Primary emotions could blend to form the full spectrum of human emotional experience. For example, interpersonal anger and disgust could blend to form contempt. Relationships exist between basic emotions, resulting in positive or negative influences.
EMOTION CATEGORIES
A study just published in the Proceedings of National Academy of Science Alan S. Cowen and Dacher Keltner, PhD from the University of California, Berkeley, identified 27 distinct categories of emotions.
- Emotion affects mood, temperament, personality, disposition, and motivation.
- Emotions are responses to significant internal and external events.
- Joseph LeDoux has defined emotions as the result of a cognitive and conscious process which occurs in response to a system trigger.
- Emotion is often the driving force behind motivation.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
Emotions produce different physiological, behavioral and cognitive changes.
- The physiology of emotion is the arousal of the nervous system.
- An emotion has physical accompaniments (facial expression) or it may be invisible to observers. An emotion may involve conscious experience and reflection.”
PURPOSE OF EMOTIONS
The proper development and functioning of emotions allow people to live well and to be happy. Love, respect, and compassion, for example, are the essential emotional ingredients of interpersonal relations and concerns. Emotions motivate moral (as well as immoral) behaviour, and they play an essential role in creativity and in scientific curiosity. For many people, emotions are stimulated and provoked by beauty in the arts and nature, and there is no aesthetic sensibility without emotion. Emotions as well as the physical senses shape the basic processes of perception and memory and influence the ways in which people conceive and interpret the world around them (psychologists have long known that what one notices and remembers depends to a great extent on what one cares about). While some emotions can get out of control and damage one’s personal well-being and social relationships, most emotions are functional and adaptive. Nevertheless, the fact that so many people suffer from emotional problems during their lives makes understanding the pathology of emotions a social concern.
EMOTIONAL ELEMENTS
In a component processing model of emotion, there are five crucial elements to an emotion.
- Cognitive appraisal: provides an evaluation of events and objects.
- Bodily symptoms: the physiological component of emotional experience.
- Action tendencies: a motivational component for the preparation and direction of motor responses.
- Expression: facial and vocal expression almost always accompanies an emotional state to communicate reaction and intention of actions.
- Feelings: the subjective experience of emotional state once it has occurred.
Not all feelings include emotion, such as the feeling of knowing. In the context of emotion, feelings are best understood as a subjective representation of emotions.
BASIC EMOTIONS
Paul Ekman has said that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct. His research findings led him to classify six emotions as basic: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise.
Cross-cultural studies led by Daniel Cordaro and Dacher Keltner extended the list of basic emotions. Evidence provided linked amusement, awe, contentment, desire, embarrassment, pain, relief, and sympathy with emotion. They also found evidence for boredom, confusion, interest, pride, and shame, contempt, interest, relief, and triumph in facial expressions and vocalizations.
WHEEL OF EMOTIONS
Robert Plutchik developed the "wheel of emotions" which suggests eight primary emotions and they are grouped on a positive or negative basis.
- joy versus sadness
- anger versus fear
- trust versus disgust
- surprise versus anticipation
Primary emotions could blend to form the full spectrum of human emotional experience. For example, interpersonal anger and disgust could blend to form contempt. Relationships exist between basic emotions, resulting in positive or negative influences.
EMOTION CATEGORIES
A study just published in the Proceedings of National Academy of Science Alan S. Cowen and Dacher Keltner, PhD from the University of California, Berkeley, identified 27 distinct categories of emotions.
- Admiration
- Adoration
- Aesthetic Appreciation
- Amusement
- Anxiety
- Awe
- Awkwardness
- Boredom
- Calmness
- Confusion
- Craving
- Disgust
- Empathetic pain
- Entrancement
- Envy
- Excitement
- Fear
- Horror
- Interest
- Joy
- Nostalgia
- Romance
- Sadness
- Satisfaction
- Sexual desire
- Sympathy
- Triumph
THE COMPLEXITY OF HUMAN EMOTION
STARLIGHT POETRY BY KAI
View Me on Twitter @kairosoflife
See Creativity Chaos - a Creativity Blog by Kai
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© 2019-2020 Copyright Starlight Poetry
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View Me on Twitter @kairosoflife
See Creativity Chaos - a Creativity Blog by Kai
About | Reprints & Copyrights | Home
© 2019-2020 Copyright Starlight Poetry
VIEW FULL SITE DIRECTORY